FROM MILK TO MEAT: INDIA'S JOURNEY AS A GLOBAL LEADER IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCT EXPORTS

Abstract

The livestock sector is a cornerstone of India’s economy, supporting millions of small-scale farmers and herders while serving cultural, economic, and environmental purposes. Livestock meets the demand for animal products and generates income through items like milk, meat, and wool. It also holds cultural significance, supports traditional practices, and contributes to ecological balance. This study examines India’s animal product industry, focusing on export performance over the past five years and its economic impact.
India is a global leader in livestock products, with notable achievements in dairy and animal husbandry. As of 2019, the livestock population stood at 536.76 million, a 4.8% increase since 2012. India is the largest producer of milk and the third-largest producer of eggs, with 2022-2023 animal product exports valued at Rs.32,597.39 crores. Key exports include buffalo meat, goat meat, and dairy products, underscoring the sector’s role in feeding India’s population and enhancing its global presence.
This research explores trends in India’s animal product exports, focusing on commodity composition and destinations, especially ASEAN countries. Using secondary data from 2018-2023, it assesses trends, seasonal variations, and influencing factors. The study highlights the sector's nutritional and economic importance, guiding policy formulation and strategies for stabilizing production and exports.
Findings emphasize the need for improved research, infrastructure, and quality standards to enhance competitiveness and sustainability. The livestock sector’s contributions to India’s economy demonstrate its importance in fostering growth and strengthening the country’s agricultural standing globally.