HISTORY OF MYANMAR PAW SAN HMWE

Abstract

Paw San Hmwe (PSH) is known as “Pearl Rice”. It is an indigenous rice variety from Myanmar with a good taste, strong aroma, and excellent elongation ability during cooking. The objective of this study is to investigate the true origin, geographical distribution, and specific traits of Paw San Hmwe using historical records, literature sources, and physiological properties. It was also intended to make the public widely known. Findings suggest that the Ayeyarwady Delta region played a significant role in the early cultivation of Paw San Hmwe. Myaungmya Agricultural Research Farm is the true origin, selection, and produce of this variety. The breeding line number of Paw San Hmwe is (D-44-8) and was produced by pure line selection. Later, it expanded into other suitable ecological zones because of high market demand and superior grain quality. Understanding this variety's historical origin and distribution helps preserve Myanmar’s indigenous rice heritage and supports future conservation and breeding programs.